geoeconomics · macro
Critical mineral production: world mine and refinery output by country
Annual world production of the minerals that supply chains depend on and cannot easily substitute - lithium, cobalt, rare earths, graphite, platinum-group metals and more - by producing country, from the USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries.
Definitions and method
Figures are as published by the USGS: mine production unless the series name says otherwise, with the most recent year estimated (flagged with status 'e'). An indicator is keyed on the commodity AND the measured product, because one commodity can report several - platinum-group metals are reported separately as platinum content and palladium content, and titanium concentrates as ilmenite and rutile. Country names are matched to platform area codes through a reviewed concordance. USGS residual buckets ('Other countries', 'United States and Canada') are not loaded, because they are not geographies; a world total is loaded only where the commodity reports exactly one, so summing countries will understate the world figure.
| Indicator | Code | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Aluminum — Smelter production, aluminum (production) | aluminum.smelter-production-aluminum.production | thousand metric tons |
| Antimony — Mine production, antimony content (production) | antimony.mine-production-antimony-content.production | metric tons |
| Arsenic — Plant production, arsenic trioxide or calculated equivalent. (production) | arsenic.plant-production-arsenic-trioxide-or-calculated-equivalent.production | metric tons |
| Asbestos — Mine production, asbestos (production) | asbestos.mine-production-asbestos.production | metric tons |
| Barite — Mine production, barite, estimated (production) | barite.mine-production-barite-estimated.production | thousand metric tons |
| Bauxite — Mine production, bauxite, dry tons (production) | bauxite.mine-production-bauxite-dry-tons.production | thousand metric dry tons |
| Bauxite — Refinery production, alumina - calcined equivalent weights (production) | bauxite.refinery-production-alumina-calcined-equivalent-weights.production | thousand metric dry tons |
| Beryllium — Mine production, beryllium content (production) | beryllium.mine-production-beryllium-content.production | metric tons |
| Bismuth — Refinery production (production) | bismuth.refinery-production.production | metric tons |
| Boron — Boron all types (production) | boron.boron-all-types.production | thousand metric tons |
| Bromine — Production, bromine content, estimated (production) | bromine.production-bromine-content-estimated.production | metric tons |
| Cadmium — Refinery production, estimated (production) | cadmium.refinery-production-estimated.production | metric tons |
| Cement — Cement production, estimated (production) | cement.cement-production-estimated.production | thousand metric tons |
| Cement — Clinker capacity, estimated (production) | cement.clinker-capacity-estimated.production | thousand metric tons |
| Chromium — Mine production, grosss weight, marketable chromite ore (production) | chromium.mine-production-grosss-weight-marketable-chromite-ore.production | thousand metric tons |
| Clays — Mine poduction, Bentonite (production) | clays.mine-poduction-bentonite.production | thousand metric tons |
| Clays — Mine poduction, Fuller's earth (production) | clays.mine-poduction-fuller-s-earth.production | thousand metric tons |
| Clays — Mine poduction, Kaolin (production) | clays.mine-poduction-kaolin.production | thousand metric tons |
| Cobalt — Mine production, cobalt content, estimated (production) | cobalt.mine-production-cobalt-content-estimated.production | metric tons |
| Cobalt — Mine production, estimated (production) | cobalt.mine-production-estimated.production | metric tons |
| Copper — Mine production, recoverable copper content (production) | copper.mine-production-recoverable-copper-content.production | thousand metric tons |
| Copper — Refinery production, copper (production) | copper.refinery-production-copper.production | thousand metric tons |
| Diamond (industrial) — Mine production, industrial diamond (production) | diamond-industrial.mine-production-industrial-diamond.production | million carats |
| Diatomite — Mine production, estimated (production) | diatomite.mine-production-estimated.production | thousand metric tons |
| Feldspar — Mine production, estimated (production) | feldspar.mine-production-estimated.production | thousand metric tons |
| Fluorspar — Mine production, estimated (production) | fluorspar.mine-production-estimated.production | thousand metric tons |
| Gallium — Primary production (production) | gallium.primary-production.production | kilograms |
| Garnet (industrial) — Mine production, estimated (production) | garnet-industrial.mine-production-estimated.production | metric tons |
| Gemstones — Mine production, thousand carats of gem-quality diamond (production) | gemstones.mine-production-thousand-carats-of-gem-quality-diamond.production | thousand carats |
| Gold — mine production, gold content (production) | gold.mine-production-gold-content.production | metric tons |
| Graphite — Mine production (production) | graphite.mine-production.production | metric tons |
| Gypsum — Mine production, estimated (production) | gypsum.mine-production-estimated.production | thousand metric tons |
| Helium — Production, helium gas content (production) | helium.production-helium-gas-content.production | million cubic meters |
| Indium — Refinery production (production) | indium.refinery-production.production | metric tons |
| Iodine — Mine production, elemental iodine (production) | iodine.mine-production-elemental-iodine.production | metric tons |
| Iron and Steel — Pig iron (production) | iron-and-steel.pig-iron.production | million metric tons |
| Iron and Steel — Raw steel (production) | iron-and-steel.raw-steel.production | million metric tons |
| Iron Ore — Mine production, iron content (production) | iron-ore.mine-production-iron-content.production | thousand metric tons |
| Iron Ore — Mine production, usable ore (production) | iron-ore.mine-production-usable-ore.production | thousand metric tons |
| Iron oxide pigments — Mine production (production) | iron-oxide-pigments.mine-production.production | metric tons |
| Kyanite and Related Minerals — Mine production (production) | kyanite-and-related-minerals.mine-production.production | metric tons |
| Lead — Mine production, lead content (production) | lead.mine-production-lead-content.production | thousand metric tons |
| Lime — Plant production, lime (production) | lime.plant-production-lime.production | thousand metric tons |
| Lithium — Mine production, lithium content (production) | lithium.mine-production-lithium-content.production | metric tons |
| Magnesium Compounds — Mine production, magnesite - gross weight (production) | magnesium-compounds.mine-production-magnesite-gross-weight.production | thousand metric tons |
| Magnesium metal — Magnesium smelter production (production) | magnesium-metal.magnesium-smelter-production.production | thousand metric tons |
| Manganese — Mine production, manganese content (production) | manganese.mine-production-manganese-content.production | thousand metric tons |
| Mercury — Mine production, mercury content (production) | mercury.mine-production-mercury-content.production | metric tons |
| Mica (Natural) — Mine production, mica scrap and flake (production) | mica-natural.mine-production-mica-scrap-and-flake.production | metric tons |
| Mica (Natural) — Mine production, mica sheet (production) | mica-natural.mine-production-mica-sheet.production | metric tons |
| Molybdenum — Mine production, molybdenum content (production) | molybdenum.mine-production-molybdenum-content.production | metric tons |
| Nickel — Mine production, nickel content (production) | nickel.mine-production-nickel-content.production | metric tons |
| Niobium — Mine production, niobium content (production) | niobium.mine-production-niobium-content.production | metric tons |
| Nitrogen(fixed) - Ammonia — Plant production, nitrogen content (production) | nitrogen-fixed-ammonia.plant-production-nitrogen-content.production | thousand metric tons |
| Peat — Mine production (production) | peat.mine-production.production | thousand metric tons |
| Perlite — Mine production, estimated (production) | perlite.mine-production-estimated.production | thousand metric tons |
| Phosphate rock — Mine production, marketable phosphate rock (production) | phosphate-rock.mine-production-marketable-phosphate-rock.production | thousand metric tons |
| Platinum-Group metals — Mine production, Palladium content (production) | platinum-group-metals.mine-production-palladium-content.production | kilograms |
| Platinum-Group metals — Mine production, Platinum content (production) | platinum-group-metals.mine-production-platinum-content.production | kilograms |
| Potash — Mine production, potassium oxide (K2O) equivalent (production) | potash.mine-production-potassium-oxide-k2o-equivalent.production | thousand metric tons |
| Pumice & Pumicite — Mine production, estimated (production) | pumice-pumicite.mine-production-estimated.production | thousand metric tons |
| Rare earths — Mine production, rare-earth-oxide equivalent (production) | rare-earths.mine-production-rare-earth-oxide-equivalent.production | metric tons |
| Rhenium — Mine production, rhenium content (production) | rhenium.mine-production-rhenium-content.production | kilograms |
| Salt — Mine production, estimated (production) | salt.mine-production-estimated.production | thousand metric tons |
| Sand and gravel (industrial) — Mine production, estimated (production) | sand-and-gravel-industrial.mine-production-estimated.production | metric tons |
| Selenium — Refinery production, selenium content (production) | selenium.refinery-production-selenium-content.production | metric tons |
| Silicon — Plant production, Ferosilicon, silicon content (production) | silicon.plant-production-ferosilicon-silicon-content.production | thousand metric tons |
| Silicon — Plant production, silicon metal (production) | silicon.plant-production-silicon-metal.production | thousand metric tons |
| Silver — Mine production, silver content (production) | silver.mine-production-silver-content.production | metric tons |
| Soda ash — Mine production, natural (production) | soda-ash.mine-production-natural.production | thousand metric tons |
| Soda ash — Production, Synthetic (production) | soda-ash.production-synthetic.production | thousand metric tons |
| Soda ash — Soda ash, natural, mine production (production) | soda-ash.soda-ash-natural-mine-production.production | thousand metric tons |
| Soda ash — Soda ash, total natural and synthetic (production) | soda-ash.soda-ash-total-natural-and-synthetic.production | thousand metric tons |
| Strontium — Mine production, strontium content (production) | strontium.mine-production-strontium-content.production | metric tons |
| Sulfur — Production, all forms, sulfur content (production) | sulfur.production-all-forms-sulfur-content.production | thousand metric tons |
| Talc and Pyrophyllite — Mine production, estimated (production) | talc-and-pyrophyllite.mine-production-estimated.production | thousand metric tons |
| Talc, crude — Mine production, estimated (production) | talc-crude.mine-production-estimated.production | thousand metric tons |
| Tantalum — Mine production, tantalum content (production) | tantalum.mine-production-tantalum-content.production | metric tons |
| Tellurium — Refinery production, tellurium content (production) | tellurium.refinery-production-tellurium-content.production | metric tons |
| Tin — Mine production, tin content (production) | tin.mine-production-tin-content.production | metric tons |
| Titanium Mineral Concentrates — Mine production, ilmentite, titanium dioxide (TiO2) content (production) | titanium-mineral-concentrates.mine-production-ilmentite-titanium-dioxide-tio2-content.production | metric tons |
| Titanium Mineral Concentrates — Mine production, rutile, titanium dioxide (TiO2) content (production) | titanium-mineral-concentrates.mine-production-rutile-titanium-dioxide-tio2-content.production | metric tons |
| Titanium & titanium dioxide — Sponge Metal Production (production) | titanium-titanium-dioxide.sponge-metal-production.production | metric tons |
| Tungsten — Mine production, tungsten content (production) | tungsten.mine-production-tungsten-content.production | metric tons |
| Vanadium — Mine production, vanadium content (production) | vanadium.mine-production-vanadium-content.production | metric tons |
| Vermiculite — Mine production (production) | vermiculite.mine-production.production | thousand metric tons |
| Wollastonite — Mine production (production) | wollastonite.mine-production.production | metric tons |
| Zeolites (natural) — Mine production (production) | zeolites-natural.mine-production.production | metric tons |
| Zinc — Mine production, zinc content (production) | zinc.mine-production-zinc-content.production | thousand metric tons |
| Zirconium and Hafnium — Mine production, zirconium, gross weight (production) | zirconium-and-hafnium.mine-production-zirconium-gross-weight.production | thousand metric tons |